Author Archives Laura Arnold

WSJ: Companies Unplug From the Electric Grid, Delivering a Jolt to Utilities; How will this impact Indiana?

Posted by Laura Arnold  /   September 18, 2013  /   Posted in Indiana Michigan Power Company (I&M), Uncategorized  /   No Comments

This quote seems very timely given that I am currently attending the Indiana Michigan Power Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) meeting today (9/18/13) in Indianapolis.

"Utility executives, meanwhile, are asking themselves a disquieting question: "Am I going to just sit here and take it and ultimately be a caretaker of a museum, or am I going to be part of that business" that's emerging, said Nick Akins, chief executive of American Electric Power Co., AEP -0.02% a big Ohio-based utility. AEP is considering helping its customers install their own generating facilities."

Companies Unplug From the Electric Grid, Delivering a Jolt to Utilities

By REBECCA SMITH

         and

CASSANDRA SWEET

  • [image]Michal Czerwonka for The Wall Street JournalAt Kroger's food-distribution center in Compton, Calif., a tank system converts organic waste into biogas to produce electricity used by the facility

On a hill overlooking the Susquehanna River, two big wind turbines crank out electricity for Kroger Co.'s KR -0.64% Turkey Hill Dairy in rural Lancaster County, Pa., allowing it to save 25% on its power bill for the past two years.

Across the country, at a big food-distribution center Kroger also owns in Compton, Calif., a tank system installed this year uses bacteria to convert 150 tons a day of damaged produce, bread and other organic waste into a biogas that is burned on site to produce 20% of the electricity the facility uses.

These two projects, plus the electric output of solar panels at four Kroger grocery stores, and some energy-conservation efforts are saving the Cincinnati-based grocery chain $160 million a year on electricity, said Denis George, its energy manager. That is a lot of money that isn't going into the pockets of utilities.

From big-box retailers to high-tech manufacturers, more companies across the country are producing their own power. Since 2006, the number of electricity-generation units at commercial and industrial sites has more than quadrupled to roughly 40,000 from about 10,000, according to federal statistics.

Experts say the trend is gaining momentum, spurred by falling prices for solar panels and natural gas, as well as a fear that power outages caused by major storms will become more common.

image

Michal Czerwonka for The Wall Street JournalOrganic waste

"The battle cry is Hurricane Sandy," said Rick Fioravanti, vice president of energy-storage technology at DNV Kema, a Netherlands-based consulting company.

The growing number of companies that are at least partly energy self-sufficient is sending a shudder through the utility industry, threatening its revenues and growth prospects, according to a report earlier this year by the Edison Electric Institute, a trade association for investor-owned electric companies.

State and federal regulators say they are worried that utilities could end up with fewer customers to pay for costly transmission lines and power plants.

Utility executives, meanwhile, are asking themselves a disquieting question: "Am I going to just sit here and take it and ultimately be a caretaker of a museum, or am I going to be part of that business" that's emerging, said Nick Akins, chief executive of American Electric Power Co., AEP -0.07% a big Ohio-based utility. AEP is considering helping its customers install their own generating facilities.

On-site generation still accounts for less than 5% of U.S. electricity production. But it is peeling off some of the bulk sales that utilities find especially profitable. And some of the companies getting into the business think it is approaching a tipping point called "grid parity," at which point power would be as cheap to make as to buy from a utility.

Since 2007, when the first solar arrays went up on its store roofs in California, the installed costs of Wal-Mart Stores Inc.'s WMT -0.11% solar systems have dropped from $6 or $8 per watt of capacity to about $3.50 per watt, said David Ozment, the company's senior director of energy management. He said he expects the retailer to be paying as little for solar power as utility power "in less than three years," opening the floodgates to solar expansion.

 

image

Wal-Mart produces about 4% of the electricity it uses but intends to make 20% by 2020, taking advantage of idle acreage on thousands of store rooftops.

On-site generation isn't a new idea. It existed before the electric grid—the interconnected system of power plants, substations and transmission lines that ferry power thousands of miles—was stitched together beginning in the 1920s.

But for most of the past 50 years, the practice was associated mostly with remote locations like Alaska fish canneries or industrial facilities like oil refineries that generated lots of waste heat that could be harnessed for power production.

Almost overnight, that niche market has gone decidedly mainstream. Six years ago ,Google Inc. GOOG -0.06% attracted attention by installing big solar arrays atop its Silicon Valley complex in California. Other tech companies followed suit, worried about ensuring power supplies for energy-hungry server farms and achieving sustainability objectives.

Apple Inc. AAPL +2.08% now gets 16% of its electricity from solar panels and fuel cells that run on biogas. Apple's data center in Maiden, N.C., makes all the power it consumes, a company spokeswoman said.

BMW AG's BMW.XE -0.22% assembly plant in South Carolina, which made 300,000 vehicles last year, gets half its electricity from an on-site energy center that burns methane piped to it from a nearby garbage dump. Drugstore chain Walgreen Co.,WAG +0.24% which has solar panels at 155 stores, plans to install them at 200 more.

Falling equipment prices make on-site generation increasingly attractive. From 2002 to 2012, the cost of installed solar systems fell by half, according to an August report from the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. Companies also have the option of leasing big solar systems, rather than incurring the capital cost of buying them.

Many "clean energy" projects also qualify for federal and state subsidies. In the case of solar installations, there is a 30% federal tax credit, which is set to drop to 10% in 2017. Government officials say a shift to greener energy resources is good since it reduces the output from coal-fueled power plants, which produce about 40% of the nation's electricity and are the most polluting.

But analysts say the importance of subsidies has been waning, overshadowed by steep declines in the cost of power-generating equipment. For example, the cost of solar modules—the biggest single component in a rooftop solar system—has dropped about 80% in the past four years, to about 65 cents a watt from about $4 a watt, said Galen Barbose, a senior researcher at the lab.

Companies also are turning to wind turbines and technologies like fuel cells, batteries, small natural-gas turbines and reciprocating engines, which are natural-gas-fueled cousins of the auto's internal combustion engine.

Engineering and technology company SAIC Inc. SAI -0.13% is installing enough generating capacity at a data center outside New York to meet the center's core needs, with batteries for backup power. The system uses reciprocating engines burning natural gas, an option considered reliable in storms because gas pipelines are buried.

A report released by the White House in August estimated that power outages caused by bad weather cost the U.S. economy $18 billion to $52 billion a year in lost productivity from 2003 to 2012.

Demand for fuel cells in the U.S. is coming primarily from telecom companies, hotels and universities, said David Wright, CEO of ClearEdge Power Inc., a manufacturer in Hillsboro, Ore. Many buyers want reliable on-site generation as a hedge against storm-related outages.

By next year, Verizon Communications Inc. VZ -0.54% plans to install $100 million worth of fuel cells from ClearEdge and Bloom Energy, as well as solar panels, at 19 data centers and other facilities in seven states, including New York and New Jersey.

Some traditional utility companies are edging into the on-site generation business.

Edison International, EIX +0.15% which owns big utility Southern California Edison, recently bought a Chicago-based developer of rooftop solar projects, SoCore Energy LLC, and it is an investor in solar-finance company Clean Power Finance.

As power production becomes more decentralized, "I want to make sure the company is deeply involved," said Edison CEO Ted Craver.

Write to Rebecca Smith at rebecca.smith@wsj.com and Cassandra Sweet atcassandra.sweet@dowjones.com

Final Agenda for 9/18/13 Indiana Reg Flex Meeting including Feed-in tariffs (FITs); Watch on-line

Posted by Laura Arnold  /   September 18, 2013  /   Posted in Feed-in Tariffs (FiT), IPL Rate REP, Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO), Office of Utility Consumer Counselor (OUCC), Uncategorized  /   No Comments

The Regulatory Flexibility Committee meeting will be broadcast over the Internet for those unable to attend. Please visit http://www.in.gov/legislative/2441.htm and select the video stream for the appropriate room, i.e. Senate Chamber, from the drop down list to watch the Webcast.

In case you watch on-line, here are slides so that you can follow along:

Short Version_ Rationale for a VFIT_Reg Flex Com_2013-09-18

Laura Ann Arnold

REGULATORY FLEXIBILITY COMMITTEE MEETING

Meeting Date: Wednesday, September 18, 2013
Meeting Time: 1:30 P.M.
Meeting Place: State House, 200 W. Washington St., Senate Chamber
Meeting City: Indianapolis, Indiana
Meeting Number: 2

MEETING AGENDA
(1) 1:30-2:00 p.m.: Update from the Office of Utility Consumer Counselor
(OUCC)

  •  A. David Stippler, Indiana Utility Consumer Counselor
  •  Questions and comments by the Committee

(2) 2:00-2:30 p.m.: Electric grid security

  • Commissioner Carolene Mays, Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission (IURC)
  • Questions and comments by the Committee

(3) 2:30-3:15 p.m.: Feed-in tariffs for electricity

  •  2:30-3:00 p.m.: Tim Caister, Director of Electric Regulatory Policy, Northern Indiana Public Service Co., and John Haselden, Principal Engineer, Regulatory Affairs Division, Indianapolis Power & Light Co. (with introduction by Ed Simcox, Interim President, Indiana Energy Association)
  • 3:00-3:15 p.m.: Laura Arnold, President, Indiana Distributed Energy Alliance
  • Questions and comments by the Committee

(4) 3:15-5:00 p.m.: Customer choice, deregulation, and competitive
procurement in the energy industry

  • 3:15-4:00 p.m.: Kenneth Rose, Ph.D., power industry consultant and Senior Fellow, Institute of Public Utilities at Michigan State University (with introduction by Ed Simcox, Interim President, Indiana Energy Association)
  •  4:00-4:15 p.m.: Jennifer Terry, Director, Indiana Industrial Energy Consumers, Inc.
  •  4:15-4:30 p.m.: Philip R. O'Connor, Ph.D., President, PROactive Strategies, Inc., and Chris Olsen, Vice President, Community and Government Affairs, Tate & Lyle
  •  4:30-4:45 p.m.: Joe Clark, Esq., Manager, Government and Regulatory Affairs, Direct Energy Services, LLC
  •   4:45-5:00 p.m.: Jason Minalga, Manager, Commercial Analytics and Regulatory Affairs, Invenergy, LLC, and Joe Kerecman, Director, Government and Regulatory Affairs, Calpine Corporation
  • 5:00-5:10 p.m.: Jodi Perras, Sierra Club, Hoosier Chapter
  • 5:10-5:20 p.m.: Kerwin Olson, Executive Director, Citizens Action Coalition

 

** All times listed above include time for questions and comments by
the Committee**


** Times allotted are subject to change at the discretion of the Chairmen**

The Members of the Regulatory Flexibility Committee are members of the Senate Utilities and House Utilities and Energy Committee of the Indiana General Assembly as follows:

Members
Sen. James Merritt, Co-Chairperson
Sen. Rodric Bray
Sen. Michael Crider
Sen. Dennis Kruse
Sen. Jean Leising
Sen. James Tomes
Sen. Carlin Yoder
Sen. Jean Breaux
Sen. John Broden
Sen. Lonnie Randolph
Rep. Eric Koch, Co-Chairperson
Rep. Heath VanNatter
Rep. Robert Behning
Rep. Dale DeVon
Rep. David Frizzell
Rep. Jack Lutz
Rep. Alan Morrison
Rep. Timothy Neese
Rep. Edmond Soliday
Rep. Kreg Battles
Rep. Christina Hale
Rep. Matthew Pierce
Rep. Shelli VanDenburgh

 

 

Controversy brewing over Obama choice for FERC; Hearing Now in Sen. Energy and Natural Resources Committee; WATCH

Posted by Laura Arnold  /   September 17, 2013  /   Posted in Uncategorized  /   No Comments

Ron Binz

President Obama has tapped Ron Binz, a former Colorado regulator, to lead the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Photo courtesy of Public Policy Consulting.

Watch now at: http://www.energy.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/hearings-and-business-meetings?ID=28204b8c-7aed-412c-8529-3ea2eee55d83

Permalink: http://www.energy.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2013/9/full committee hearing: to consider pending nominations

NEWSMAKER:

Renaissance man who's 'anything but shy' faces fight for FERC gavel

Hannah Northey, E&E reporter
Depending on whose spin you believe, President Obama's nominee for Federal Energy Regulatory Commission chairman is either a radical environmentalist hellbent on greening the electric grid no matter the cost or a level-headed energy regulator getting a bad rap.But friends of FERC nominee Ron Binz -- whose confirmation hearing is tomorrow before the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee -- say the man is a lot more interesting than the caricature being drawn by either side.Binz, they say, is a Renaissance man.

An avid traveler and an expert maker of wine and cheese, Binz, 64, has financed a Colorado vineyard, calls himself a gourmet cook and is said to know a lot about jazz. He managed major medical claims processing for a prominent health insurance company and taught mathematics at the University of Colorado.

What's more, they say, Binz is a fighter.

The Arkansas native has gone toe to toe with big business to change rules in the wine, telecommunication and energy industries, sources said.

In the late 1980s, he established Colorado's first office for consumer advocacy, where sources say he stood up for ratepayers amid tumultuous industry changes and made friends in the state Legislature on both sides of the aisle.

"He learns it and knows it. ... There's no doubt Ron will improve your A game," said Dian Callaghan, who worked with Binz for 12 years at Colorado's Office of Consumer Counsel. "He's very persuasive and knows what he's talking about. ... He can change minds."

Kevin Gunn, a former chairman of the Missouri Public Service Commission and a friend of Binz, said the Colorado regulator got a bad rap as an "enemy of business" because he's unafraid of going up against powerful interests.

"He's not afraid of a fight, he's not afraid of compromise, he's incredibly knowledgeable and knows what's going on in the industry; that's not a bad thing to have," Gunn said. "You want someone who's going to be able to go to war when that's necessary and dial it back when necessary."

Nominated to replace outgoing FERC Chairman Jon Wellinghoff, Binz has become a lightning rod, pitting libertarian-leaning groups, the coal industry and some senators -- including Sen. Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.) -- against clean energy advocates and former FERC commissioners.

His foes say Binz would be key to the Obama administration's plans to tackle climate change through regulatory actions that end-run Congress. Binz's agenda, they say, would give all the breaks to wind and solar and elbow out fossil fuels.

Ben Cole, a spokesman for the libertarian-leaning American Energy Alliance, said Binz's agenda would constitute the "third leg" of Obama's climate plan, which also includes U.S. EPA's clampdown on greenhouse gas emissions at power plants and the administration's limiting of access to federal lands for oil and gas drilling.

Obama's decision to go around Congress on climate change and Binz's "troublesome" advocacy for renewable energy sources have sparked a confirmation fight that's raised the profile of FERC from a sleepy regulatory agency, Cole added.

"I think Binz has been nominated at a moment that presents a perfect storm for the administration," Cole said. "It's unique among confirmation battles; most people couldn't ... until recent months even name one FERC commissioner. It would be like trying to name the Cabinet of Andrew Johnson."

Green groups, meanwhile, have enlisted the public relations firm VennSquared Communications to promote Binz, and a group of former FERC commissioners have shot back at negative Wall Street Journal editorials to back Binz.

If the past is any indication, former colleagues and friends say, Binz will do just fine handling himself. At his side will likely be his partner of more than 42 years, Mary Donahue, who recently retired as a librarian from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

"He's anything but shy," said Rick Morgan, an energy consultant and former commissioner on the District of Columbia Public Service Commission who worked with Binz on climate issues. "He's very good on his feet. I think we can expect to see him handle himself very well at the confirmation hearing. He's a master at knowing how to deal with people in all different situations."

'Mercedes Binz'

Opponents painting Binz as a renewables radical with a desire to kill coal say the former regulator, if confirmed, would implement costly new regulations to subsidize long-distance power lines that would bolster wind and solar development.

Arguments against Binz center on his implementation of Colorado's contentious "Clean Air, Clean Jobs" legislation while chairing the Colorado Public Utilities Commission from 2007 to 2011.

The initiative was fought by the Colorado Mining Association and Peabody Energy Corp. The incentives that Binz helped write eventually prompted Xcel Energy Inc. to shutter six coal plants, retrofit others and build more gas-fired generation in the Denver area on then-Gov. Bill Ritter's (D) watch.

The Colorado Mining Association later filed a petition with the PUC, accusing Binz and his fellow commission members of making "behind-closed-door deals" with Xcel and asking that he recuse himself. Binz rebutted those charges and stayed on the case (Greenwire, July 1).

Libertarian think tank Competitive Enterprise Institute and other conservative groups warned the Energy and Natural Resources Committee in a letter today that Binz "would not be constrained by congressional-mandated boundaries" but would make power prices "skyrocket" as they did in Colorado.

Binz provided fuel for the fire with a comment at a past Edison Foundation event that natural gas will be a "dead end" fuel by 2035 without carbon capture and sequestration.

Another point of contention is a report Binz wrote in April 2012 that supports regulators operating in a "legislative" mode by gathering information to find solutions to future problems. Such language has piqued the concerns of an industry official who accused Binz of "negotiating" Colorado law to create incentives for coal plant closures.

"Such thinking ought to scare the daylights out of Senators from fossil-fuel states because it shows how Mr. Binz will operate at FERC," stated an editorial in yesterday's Wall Street Journal. "The supposedly independent agency oversees much of the gas business -- from pipelines to export terminals to trading markets. It also has a narrow role to ensure that electricity is affordable and reliable, which Mr. Binz interprets to mean a mandate for whatever his carbon-free paradise requires."

Steven Hayward, a former fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, in a blog post accused Binz of advocating for a system akin to one in Germany, which provides subsidies for wind and solar. "I think I'll call him 'Mercedes Binz,' since that's his view of what energy should cost consumers," Hayward wrote. "His slogan is obvious: Policy uber alles."

But Morgan, who served on the D.C. Public Service Commission from 2003 to 2011, said Binz has been praised for his work in Colorado. Despite negative editorials, he said, Binz is an even-handed regulator and consumer advocate like outgoing FERC Chairman Wellinghoff.

"Groups have come out branding him as being anti-coal; it wasn't just about coal. It was about a lot of things, trying to bring together a number of interest groups," Morgan said about Binz's work in Colorado. "I think he's very interested in seeing the role of renewables expanded in the electricity and energy business generally, but I think applying it in a thoughtful way."

Binz worked to build consensus in Colorado while addressing the need to retire old coal plants that were on the verge of having to make major retrofits to meet new EPA clean air standards, Morgan said. Binz understood that further requirements down the road could compromise those plants economically and found a way to bring together diverse groups while protecting consumers, he added.

"It was portrayed unfairly by some in the coal industry, and the Wall Street Journal picked up on that," he said.

Consumer advocate

Binz's former colleagues describe him as a peacemaker who doesn't fear wading into confrontations.

"He's not afraid of a fight," said Gunn, the former Missouri utility regulator. "Ron, I think, is viewed among some of the industry as being an enemy of business, but I think that's wrong."

After earning a bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1971 from St. Louis University and a master's in mathematics from the University of Colorado, Denver, in 1977, Binz entered the master's program in economics at UC, where he completed 27 hours of graduate work.

But in 1984, when former Colorado Gov. Richard Lamm (D) tapped Binz for the state's Public Utilities Commission, his nomination was opposed by the state's largest regulated utilities and defeated in a confirmation vote in the Colorado Senate.

Five months later, he was appointed by the attorney general to serve as the state's first utility consumer advocate.

Callaghan, who worked as an administrative director under Binz and has been friends with him for 30 years, said Binz helped create the state's first consumer counsel at a time when ratepayers lacked a voice before the PUC. Binz filled that role until 1995, overseeing more than 200 legal cases before the PUC and other agencies, including FERC.

"Ron was creative and carved out a role for the office," she said. "It became one of the best agencies in the government."

Even then, Binz faced opposition.

Telecom companies were pushing to be unregulated at the time, but Binz knew that wouldn't foster competition, Callaghan said. "The campaign against him was pretty harsh," she said. "Eventually, members of the General Assembly realized what a resource he was, and that shielded us from being eliminated in our first year."

Binz has earned a similar reputation in the wine industry.

In 1994, he partnered in financing the Trail Ridge Winery in Loveland, Colo. Binz served on the winery's board of directors, developing business plans and serving as the winery's point person for legislative, regulatory and other external affairs.

Binz also served as chairman of the Colorado Wine Industry Development Board and helped move the panel through political turmoil, said Doug Caskey, the board's current executive director. Binz ushered in rules that have helped the industry's wine festivals blossom despite disagreement between winemakers and grocers, he said.

"His biggest contribution was solidifying the wine board and getting it through some political turmoil," Caskey said. "He helped ease us through."

Supporters say it's that desire to protect consumers and ability to bring diverse parties together that will shine through if Binz is confirmed.

"It's a particularly disruptive time for the entire energy industry, and a lot of times political fights have nothing to do with the actual individual being nominated," Gunn said.

NIPSCO Files Petition (44393) with IURC for VFIT 2.0 Program; IndianaDG Files Petition to Intervene; Join to Learn More

Posted by Laura Arnold  /   September 16, 2013  /   Posted in biomass, Feed-in Tariffs (FiT), Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO), solar, Uncategorized, wind  /   No Comments

As anticipated, Northern Indiana Public Service Company (NIPSCO) filed a petition on 9/11/13 with the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission (IURC) for another round of their proposed voluntary feed-in tariff (VFIT). The new case is Cause No. 44393. We are calling it the NIPSCO VFIT 2.0.

See NIPSCO FIT 2.0 Petition in Cause No 44393_filed 2013-09-11

Indiana Distributed Energy Alliance (IndianaDG) has retained J. David Agnew with LORCH NAVILLE WARD LLC AS legal counsel and filed a petition to intervene in 44393.

See 44393 - IndianaDG Petition to Intervene in NIPSCO FIT 2.0

The current NIPSCO VFIT 1.0 --as we are now calling it --is now scheduled to expire on 12/31/13 and is nearly full.

To see a status of the current NIPSCO VFIT 1.0 program visit:

http://www.nipsco.com/en/our-services/connecting-to-the-grid/feed-in-status.aspx 

Anyone interested in another round of NIPSCO's VFIT including:

  • NIPSCO electric customers;
  • renewable energy vendors and developers interested in proposed projects in the NIPSCO service territory including solar PV, wind and biomass; and
  • supporters of renewable energy and distributed generation policy

should contact us about joining IndianaDG to take part in our intervention.

Those interested in this program may want to visit this NIPSCO service territory map:

http://www.nipsco.com/Libraries/Our_Services/feedin-nipsco-territory-map.sflb.ashx

NIPSCO has 457.000 electric service customers across northern Indiana.

Members participating in discussions and negotiations about this proceeding before the IURC will also be asked to sign a Confidentiality Agreement.

Download here: CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENT[1]_NIPSCO_44393

For more information contact:

Laura.Arnold@IndianaDG.net or call (317) 635-1701

 

 

MIT study reports 29,000 premature deaths/yr in PJM states from electric generation; Wonder how many deaths in MISO states?

Posted by Laura Arnold  /   September 11, 2013  /   Posted in Uncategorized  /   No Comments
The state of Indiana is in both the PJM and MISO regions. Only Indiana Michigan Power or I&M which is a part of American Electric Power (AEP) is part of PJM.Who can do a similar study for the MISO states? Hey Purdue University and Indiana University how about doing that? Thankfully, Indiana is not at the top of the list for premature deaths but we are on the list. A similar study of MISO states might show Indiana closer to the top of the list.

Electric Power Emissions: 29,000 Deaths/Year in PJM

 / FERC & Federal News

Air pol­lu­tion from elec­tric gen­er­a­tion is respon­si­ble for more than 29,000 pre­ma­ture deaths annu­ally in PJM states, more than any other air pol­lu­tion source, accord­ing to a new study by researchers at the Mass­a­chu­setts Insti­tute of Technology.

Annual Average Particulate Matter Polution from Electric Generation (Source: MIT)

(Source: MIT)

The study found that fine par­tic­u­lates (PM2.5) and ozone pol­lu­tion from elec­tric gen­er­a­tion caused 52,000 deaths in the con­ti­nen­tal U.S. annu­ally, sec­ond only to the 53,000 deaths attrib­uted to tailpipe emis­sions from autos. Within PJM states, auto pol­lu­tion was sec­ond, respon­si­ble for more than 23,000 pre­ma­ture deaths.

All told, includ­ing other emis­sion sources, such as indus­trial smoke­stacks, com­mer­cial and res­i­den­tial heat­ing and cook­ing and marine and rail trans­porta­tion, air pol­lu­tion is respon­si­ble for 200,000 deaths annu­ally, the study found.

Coal-burning Ken­tucky, West Vir­ginia and Ohio had the high­est elec­tric gen­er­a­tion mor­tal­ity rates in PJM, with Kentucky’s 40.2 deaths per 100,000 pop­u­la­tion nearly dou­ble the rate for New Jer­sey (22.2). New Jer­sey has a higher over­all death rate, how­ever due to higher impacts from autos, ship­ping and com­mer­cial and res­i­den­tial emissions.

Among cities, the Bal­ti­more met­ro­pol­i­tan area ranked worst, with an annual mor­tal­ity rate of 130 per 100,000 due to high emis­sions from power gen­er­a­tion, autos and industry.

Per­sons who die from an air pollution-related cause typ­i­cally have about a decade cut from their lifes­pan, accord­ing to Steven Bar­rett, an assis­tant pro­fes­sor of aero­nau­tics and astro­nau­tics who was one of the authors of the study.

The researchers found that the impact of auto emis­sions was high­est in densely pop­u­lated areas while power plants emis­sions, which are deposited at a higher alti­tude, were more dispersed.

Premature Deaths from Electric Generation Emissions (Source: MIT)

(Source: MIT)

The high­est elec­tric generation-related death rates were in the east-central U.S. and Mid­west, which researchers sug­gested was due to the burn­ing of coal with higher sul­fur con­tent than burned in the west.

The Envi­ron­men­tal Pro­tec­tion Agency esti­mates that 74 mil­lion peo­ple in the U.S. are exposed to lev­els of PM

2.5 higher than per­mit­ted by the Clean Air Act and that more than 131 mil­lion live in regions not com­pli­ant with ozone lim­its. The EPA com­puted the costs for the imple­men­ta­tion of the 1990 Clean Air Act to be about $65 bil­lion from 1990 to 2020, poten­tially avoid­ing 230,000 pre­ma­ture deaths in 2020.

The MIT researchers based their study on data from EPA’s National Emis­sions Inven­tory. The results were pub­lished in the jour­nal Atmos­pheric Envi­ron­ment.

Copyright 2013 IndianaDG